Conditioned open-label placebo for opioid reduction after spine surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Flowers KM, Patton ME, Hruschak VJ, Fields KG, et al. Pain 2021;162:1828-1839.

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Amedeo Smart

Independent Medical Education

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Flowers KM, Patton ME, Hruschak VJ, Fields KG, et al. Conditioned open-label placebo for opioid reduction after spine surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Pain 2021;162:1828-1839.
PMID: 33449503